Famine, drought and conflict have left millions of people needing food, water and healthcare. The UN says that in the last few months, tens of thousands of Somalis have died of causes related to malnutrition. Most of them were children.
Very poor rainfall in the region (which includes Somalia, Kenya, Djibouti, Ethiopia and Uganda) has led to the driest period in 60 years for some areas, leading to crop failures and deaths of livestock.
High and increasing staple food prices, as well as regional conflict, are combining with the weather to make a bad situation even worse.
The rate of refugees from Somalia arriving in southern Ethiopia has increased from 5,000 a month to more than 30,000 in the second week in June. Almost half the children arriving in Ethiopia from Somalia are malnourished.
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Photo from the BBC, Red Cross, Unicef